What is a compound in chemistry, or how is a compound formed? Friends, today we are going to know about this in this article. Not only this, we will study other things related to Compound, so without wasting time let’s start.
What is a Compound in Chemistry?
Definition of a compound –
When two or more elements are mixed in a certain proportion, the substance formed is called a compound. Molecules of compounds contain two or more types of atoms.
Examples – Water (H2O), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Sodium chloride (NaCl), Ammonia (NH3), etc.
What is The Element?
An element is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom. Or that pure substance that consists of only one type of atom is called an element.
Examples – Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C), Sodium (Na), Nitrogen (N), etc.
What is an atom called? Click Here
How Many Types of Compounds?
Compounds are of two types.
- Organic compound
- Inorganic compound
What is an organic compound in chemistry?
Such chemical compounds in which the main component is a carbon atom, and bonds are found between carbon-carbon (CC) and carbon-hydrogen (CH), are called organic compounds.
Examples – Carbohydrates, Fat, Protein, Vitamins, CH4, C2H6, etc.
Although there are some compounds that contain carbon atoms they are not organic compounds such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbonates, cyanide, etc. These are not called organic compounds because they do not contain carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds.
How many types of organic compounds in chemistry?
It is of two types.
- Open chain compound
- Closed chain compound
What are open-chain compounds?
Those organic compounds in which the chain of carbon atoms is open, then such compounds are called open-chain compounds. These compounds are also called aliphatic compounds.
This is two types.
- Saturated organic compounds
- Unsaturated organic compounds
What are saturated organic compounds in chemistry?
Such organic compounds in which there is only a single bond between carbon atoms or are linked by single bonds, then such compounds are called saturated compounds. It is of one type.
Alkane – This includes methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), etc.
What are unsaturated organic compounds in chemistry?
Such organic compounds in which double bonds or triple bonds are present or are linked between carbon atoms, then such compounds are called unsaturated compounds.
Examples – C2H2, C2H4, C3H6 etc.
There are two types of it.
- Alkene – Ethylene (C2H4), Propene (C3H6), etc come in this.
- Alkyne – This includes acetylene (C2H2), propyne (C3H6), etc.
What is a closed-chain compound?
Those organic compounds in which the chain of carbon atoms is closed, then such compounds are called closed-chain compounds. This is two types.
- Homocyclic compound – There are two types of compounds in it. Alicyclic compounds and aromatic compounds.
- Heterocyclic compound
What are inorganic compounds?
Such chemical compounds or compounds which do not contain carbon atoms and bonds between carbon-carbon (CC) and carbon-hydrogen (CH) are not found and are called inorganic compounds. Or except for organic compounds, all other compounds are called inorganic compounds.
What is the difference between an element and a compound in chemistry?
| Element | Compound |
| An element is made up of atoms of the same type. | A compound is made up of two or more types of atoms. |
| An element cannot be decomposed into substances with different properties by physical and chemical methods. | A compound can be divided into substances with different properties. For example, sodium chloride can be divided into sodium and chlorine. |
| So far there are about 118 elements. | The number of compounds is enormous. |
| The properties of an element are due to its smallest particle, the atom. | The properties of the compound are due to its smallest particle, the molecule, and these are completely different from the properties of the constituent elements. |
| Some elements are found in the form of atoms (eg – copper, silver, gold, sodium, etc.) and some in the form of molecules (eg – hydrogen (H2), nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), etc.). | Compounds are found in the form of molecules such as water (H2O), Nausadar (NH4Cl), common salt (NaCl), etc. |
What is the difference between a mixture and a compound in chemistry?
| Compound | Mixture |
| A substance formed by mixing two or more elements in a definite proportion is called a compound. | What is formed by mixing two or more two pure substances in any proportion is called a mixture. |
| Its properties are different from the properties of elements. | The properties of constituent substances are present in them. |
| Its components cannot be separated by physical methods. | Its components can be separated by physical methods. |
| There is a chemical change in its formation. | There is no chemical change in its formation. |
| Energy is either required or generated in the formation of compounds. | Energy is neither required nor produced in the making of the mixture. |
| This is homogeneous. | It is heterogeneous. (except a few) |
| Its physical constants (melting point, boiling point) are fixed. | Its physical constants are not fixed. |
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